One important distinction: for a fixnum, the upper bits hold the integer value directly (an immediate). For all other types, those bits are a heap pointer to the underlying C struct.
To avoid the two memory reads on every access, the 386 includes a 32-entry Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) organized as 8 sets with 4 ways each. Each entry stores the virtual-to-physical mapping along with the combined PDE+PTE permission bits.
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